Gen Z is undoubtedly a vocal generation when it comes to many things, including pop culture, consumerism, and more. However, one of the most important issues it speaks loudly and proudly about is reducing mental health stigma. References to mental health have become increasingly common on social media, alongside the widespread acceptance of terms often used in therapy, such as “gaslighting” and “trauma.” While having access to so much information about mental health and its terminology has been empowering for many people, the validity of this information must also be evaluated.
The Consequences of Therapy-Speak and Online Misinformation
Mental health misinformation has become increasingly common, actively contributing to the rise in self-diagnoses. Although mental health struggles are becoming more normalized, the vast amount of misinformation circulating online can undermine the experiences of others. On platforms such as TikTok and Instagram, thousands of viral videos highlight vague traits associated with mental disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and convince viewers that they have the disorder without seeking a professional diagnosis. These generalized traits may include being a “neat freak” or liking things tidy. While these behaviors can sometimes be associated with OCD, self-diagnosing based on such characteristics is not an informed decision. Online users who spread this misinformation risk undermining the experiences of those living with professionally diagnosed OCD.
When Words Lose Their Meaning
Additionally, when the term “OCD” is used so frequently that its complexities and challenges are minimized, individuals with serious symptoms may not recognize that they need help because their experiences have become perceived as “normal.” Someone claiming to be “triggered” by another person chewing too loudly does not necessarily experience the same type of distress as someone who is triggered by an action or feeling that reminds them of past trauma.
Similarly, using the word “trauma” to describe anything mildly displeasing undermines the experiences of those who have endured traumatic events that impair their ability to function and navigate daily life. Mental health awareness has also increased through music, as references to mental health struggles have become more prevalent in recent years. After analyzing the top 25 rap songs at five points between 1998 and 2018, researchers found a 12% increase in songs containing references to suicide, a 16% increase in depression-related references, and a 36% increase in mental health metaphors (Medaris, 2024). Although this normalization has begun to develop into a global movement, there are still regions where mental health remains stigmatized and unsupported.
Mental Health Stigma Beyond Social Media
For example, India is experiencing an alarming mental health crisis. According to the 2021 National Mental Health Survey, conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), approximately 10% of India’s population experiences a mental illness at any given time, while 0.8% experiences severe mental illness. Other estimates suggest that as much as 15% of India’s population experiences mental health struggles (Meghrajani et al., 2023). Discrimination and stigma persist in India, delaying or preventing diagnoses and treatment and exacerbating existing mental health struggles. Combined with a shortage of mental health professionals, inadequate infrastructure and resources, and insufficient integration of mental health services into primary healthcare, these challenges leave few opportunities for individuals to receive adequate support. Beyond its impact on general well-being, a mental health crisis decreases workplace productivity and increases long-term disability, ultimately hindering economic growth.
In Zimbabwe, mental health stigma results in limited support and resources for those experiencing mental health struggles. The country’s neglect of mental health is particularly evident in its language: the Zimbabwean Shona language does not have a directly translatable word for “depression” that captures the emotional symptoms characteristic of the illness (Patel et al., 2001). However, progress has been made toward investing more in mental health support for Zimbabweans. In 2021 and 2022, the country conducted its first-ever Investment Case for Mental Health, analyzing the current state of mental health services and examining developments and challenges within the healthcare system. The Investment Case illustrates how the prevalence of leading mental, neurological, and substance use conditions can burden not only affected individuals but also the economy. Absenteeism, inadequate job performance, and lost workforce productivity can all be attributed to poor mental health, resulting in significant economic losses. The report estimated the intervention costs, economic benefits, and health gains associated with clinical interventions for six leading mental health conditions: depression, anxiety, psychosis, bipolar disorder, epilepsy, and alcohol use disorder. It also examined two population-based interventions: a pesticide ban and a universal school-based social-emotional learning intervention. By implementing these findings, Zimbabwe could alleviate the burden of mental health conditions while generating both health and economic benefits (Chimbwanda, 2023).
Breaking Barriers to Mental Health Support
There is a fine line between openly discussing mental health struggles and recognizing that these conditions are not simply quirks but real disorders that affect people’s lives and may require professional help. Seeking help for conditions that interfere with daily life is crucial, particularly for those who have limited access to mental health services. Individuals living in areas with little mental health support, whether due to limited resources in their country or stigma within their families, must be able to recognize the seriousness of struggles that are often minimized by those around them. Although progress has been made in bringing attention to and supporting mental health struggles, it is crucial to remember those who continue to suffer under the belief that mental health should not be discussed.
The Power of Language in Understanding Mental Health
To make mental health knowledge more accessible, individuals must recognize the power of therapy-speak in everyday communication. Understanding therapy-speak can serve as a therapeutic and informative tool, helping ourselves and others recognize the importance of mental health while reminding those who are struggling that they are not alone. Effectively communicating thoughts and feelings can strengthen relationships and improve overall well-being. Understanding what constitutes abuse and recognizing the characteristics of an abusive relationship, for example, can make it easier to identify harmful situations. Recognizing the power of words can help break down barriers. By putting words to otherwise difficult-to-express feelings, individuals can develop a deeper understanding of themselves and those around them, allowing them to recognize when they need support.